Cult is handcrafted by Napa Valley born and raised wine veteran, Rich Salvestrin. Salvestrin is not only a third generation grape grower, but after obtaining a degree in Viticulture from Fresno State transformed the family business into his namesake St. Helena winery. Salvestrin garners exceptional reviews for their handcrafted estate grown wines and sits predominately on Highway 29.
A bottle shared between friends may stimulate work toward a common goal.
Available States
AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY
Got the UPS notification last night and an email from Alice this morning that a bottle was on the way. Of course the initial estimate for delivery of mid afternoon turned into 8:10pm. So this went into the fridge for 20 minutes to get back down to something like room temperature.
Not much to go on from the label aside from 14.5% alcohol and it’s listed as varietal Cabernet. (I see the offer had more detail there.)
Finally open this up about 30 minutes before the offer goes live alongside roasted chicken thighs with zaatar and Caesar salad.
The wine looks young, of course, very red-purple nearly all the way to the rim of the glass. Aromatics are a bit muted, but I’m getting dark red and purple fruit, some suggestions of flowers, and even a little bramble (maybe from the PS?). There’s also a wet stone or flinty aroma that I’m getting and liking.
Flavours are decidedly fruity. molarchae took a couple sips and said “wow that’s fruity”. I’m mostly getting plums with a bit of blackberry jam for the fruit. There’s a hint of the oak, but it’s not obtrusive. Not getting a whole lot else that I can put a name to, but there’s a bit more waiting to come out it seems.
Finish is quite long, actually, and is full of mineral buzz. Hints of smoke come out, as do some desert herbs.
Acid balance is lower than I prefer, at least for a food wine, but it’s well in bounds for a properly made wine that will appeal to many. Tannins are fairly integrated, although they are gaining in firmness as the wine gets some air (about 45 minutes worth as I write this).
This is definitely not my style of wine, but it is well made and will be enjoyed by nearly everybody who you decide to share it with. This is my definition of a crowd pleaser - middle of the road without being too acidic or too flabby. Neither too fruity nor herbal. Not too tannic or too soft. I guess it’s a Goldilocks wine, then!
@klezman Always worried when a sophisticated palate like yours Labrats the same wine. Happy to see that your report confirmed we were sent the same wine…
How much more are you saving by buying a full case?
(Note: Tax & Shipping not included in savings calculations)
2018 CULT Napa Cabernet Sauvignon - $40 = 19.04%
A surprise breakfast delivery today (the Chocolate Bus usually arrives around quitting time), the 2018 Cult Cabernet Sauvignon Napa Valley rested on the desk while I worked. It got a 20-minute chill in the freezer before pop n’ pour after dinner (couldn’t bring myself to try a cab with shrimp boil; dinner was decided before the shipping email came through.)
The synthetic-looking cork had minimal staining. The wine pours a deep clear purple with a garnet edge. The nose is muted, showing a hint of plum and generalized herbs. Medium body the palate shows dried fruit with the slightest hint of oaky spice. Round mouthfeel with very little tannin. Drinks like a mature merlot; silky.
I was feeling pretty confident with my assessment, but then I asked my wife what she tasted. Before I get to that, let me say that my palate is fickle. Just like in baseball, where momentum is the next day’s starter, my palate is deeply affected by what I recently tasted. Notes of chocolate in my last sip of coffee? My wine shows hints of cocoa. Call it recency bias or the power of suggestion, I am easily influenced. My name is KitMarlot, and I have a consistency problem. My wife smelled raisins and butterscotch, almost like port. As it opened up, she noted hints of leather. She said the taste was “disappointing, like alcohol which hides the fruit”. She noted it was harsh, like tea that’s been steeped too long. I could taste that too. It is silky in the sense that the tannins are fine grained and not grippy, but there is an underlying harsh note that tastes a bit over-extracted.
After some time in the glass, it has a mellow warming note, like brown sugar or crème brulee with baking spice. I popped the cork on a bottle of 2017 J. Wilkes Paso Robles Cabernet Sauvignon (for science.) It is lighter in color, lighter in body. More aromatic, the nose is more inviting. It is a bit lighter and milder on the palate, tastes less extracted, more balanced. They are actually quite similar, but the slight edge goes to the J. Wilkes, which has more bramble fruit and dried cranberry and more aggressive tannic grip.
Given what I’m tasting so far, I wouldn’t expect this wine to evolve but I’ll leave the bottle on the counter overnight and check back if something noteworthy happens. Overall, the 2018 Cult Cabernet Sauvignon is an uncomplicated, easy to drink Cabernet Sauvignon. It is varietally correct and inoffensive, a decent value at this price. Thanks to Cult for the quality juice, Alice and the crew at WCC (with an assist from Brown) for getting the bottle halfway across the country in half a day and y’all for making this such a great community. Salut!
Good timing. Here is Dan Berger’s next column which is on Napa Cabernets.
Wine Column Regional Character? 5-14-21
By Dan Berger
U.S. appellations, as they pertain to fine wines, can mean a lot or nothing. Which clearly means that some appellations are consumer-friendly and helpful, but others offer nothing except confusion.
One of the most important American Viticultural Areas (AVAs) is Napa Valley, of course, but the story then gets really complicated.
Some AVAs are meaningful for specific grape varieties. Others are just geo-identifiers. One could make a strong case that New York’s Finger Lakes district is one of the most eloquent appellations in the country because of its wide success in the production of dry and off-dry Rieslings.
Other meaningful grape-linked appellations that people accept as helpful are Santa Lucia Highlands in Monterey County (Pinot Noir), Petaluma Gap (Pinot Noir), Russian River Valley (Chardonnay and Pinot Noir), and Sonoma County’s Dry Creek Valley (Sauvignon Blanc and Zinfandel).
But many appellations offer consumers no assistance, regardless of grape variety.
Napa Valley is the most famous appellation in the country, maybe the world. It’s here that about half the vines (~20,000 acres) are Cabernet and the wines it makes have a worldwide reputation for excellence.
To further define Napa Valley, 38 years ago the area began to create official subregions that theoretically offered consumers quality assurance for Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.
In 1983 a large swath of contiguous acreage hard by San Pablo Bay, straddling Napa and Sonoma counties, got the valley’s first official AVA, called Carneros.
Not only did it pave the way for 16 AVAs within Napa, but it also did something I never realized until much later. Because Carneros was so large (today it’s over 1,100 planted acres) it helped usher in a trend that has made some AVAs a lot less meaningful than they might have been had then been smaller.
With AVAs, smaller is more meaningful. The larger an appellation is, the less likely it will be helpful to consumers.
For the last 35 years, I’ve witnessed many internecine battles by well-meaning but often self-absorbed wine people as new AVA boundaries were debated, not always in restrained tones. Invariably such disputes were settled with compromises that weren’t always in the best interests of the wines or dedicated consumers. In some cases, boundaries were expanded to accommodate someone wanting in who wanted a marketing advantage.
Of dozens of examples, one should suffice.
Fog-impacted Russian River Valley is large and sprawling. Sonoma County wineries often think of it in thirds layered south to north. The southerly strip, once largely dairy land, is coolest; Middle Reach is cool, but the climate varies and includes a few warmer pockets. The northernmost chunk is even warmer – and controversial.
Some people think the three areas should be three separate AVAs.
Although cool-climate Chardonnay and Pinot Noir both do well in the upper third of RRV, parts of the northern sector are warm enough to ripen Cabernet, hardly typical of the rest of RRV. And disputes over much of the area’s boundaries long have simmered without much accord.
Wine lovers prefer appellations in which there is at least one identifiable and even perhaps unique weather or soil feature. Russian River Valley’s primary one is fog. Pinots lean aromatically toward aromas of strawberry and raspberry. Nearby Sonoma Coast Pinots, not as distinctive, are slightly more cherrylike.
Cab-centric Napa is saddled with a curious situation. It is universally praised for the quality of its Cabernets, but no one has ever defined, in even a cursory way, what each of its 16 sub-appellations does best with it. In theory, the wines should display regional elements distinct from one another.
Without regionality, it would be as if all Napa Cabs were like all other Napa Cabs. But this wasn’t the case 30-odd years ago, when I tried to identify what distinguished them.
I had long noticed differences between what grew in the Stags’ Leap district, Rutherford, Howell Mountain, Mount Veeder, and others. I wondered, “Are there identifiable distinctions to each of those districts’ Cabs?”
I called the Napa Valley Vintners and told them of my intention to test this idea. I was shocked when I was told that the vintners’ group had no interest in assisting me. They didn’t want to know how one district differed from another.
Someone there told me that the “brand” it promoted was “Napa Valley,” and that sub-AVAs weren’t in competition with one another. I replied that my aim was not to find out which sub-AVAs were better, only to see which offered specific elements to assist buyers in better understanding one from another.
Sort of like Classified Growth Bordeaux.
Left to my own devices, I staged several blind tastings, one important one involving 10 widely skilled wine tasters.
I assembled 26 wines under strict rules (only 100% Cabs, no blends; all from one sub-AVA). Using a carefully designed “identifier template,” I staged a multi-hour analysis of the wines at Meadowood Napa Valley, and tabulated the results. Other tastings followed.
At the Meadowood event, the judges, all experts on Napa Valley sub-regions (including Tim Mondavi and Dr. Barney Rhodes), were told that quality was not a criterion in the test. The judges merely had to guess each wine’s sub-AVA based on their expectation of what each area did best historically, focusing on known regional elements then existing in the Valley’s Cabs.
Judges “wagered” between 1 and 5 points per wine as they guessed which region a wine from. A 5 was absolute confidence. A positive wager gave each wine that number of “regional identity points;” a negative guess removed the same number of points from the wine’s final total. Thus, a score of zero was some validation of regional identity to experts.
Crucially, no discussion was permitted during the evaluation.
Of nine sub-appellations represented in the blind tasting, only one area emerged with a positive score, Stag’s Leap District. That was an impressive validation that experts could agree that, at least in theory, sub-AVAs could have meaningful identifiers.
Almost as impressive, Rutherford came out with a score of zero – also validating that it delivered some identifiers that could help consumers. All the other wines had negative scores.
Shortly after writing an article about this test, I chatted with the late John Shafer of Shafer Vineyards about the panel’s findings. We agreed that Napa districts could benefit from a comparison of Napa sub-districts similar to those in Bordeaux.
Bordeaux lovers routinely contrasted the differences between the wines of St.-Estephe, Pauillac, Margaux, and other sub-areas.
Weeks later, I discussed this with Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars’ founder Warren Winiarski. I asked if he would work with me on a book on his district’s unique ability to produce wines of a silkiness and a gentle-tannin early enjoyability without0 sacrificing age-worthiness.
Winiarski agreed. So I began creating an outline for such a book and began looking for a publisher. After months of homework, in the mid-1990s it was clear that things were changing rapidly.
I began to notice that several Napa sub-AVAs, including Stags’ Leap, were losing the key elements we had seen in our blind tastings. I called Warren and expressed concern. He said he had some hesitation as well. I think he knew that most Napa Cabernets were becoming more “impressive,” to the delight of those making the wines, which were rising in price well beyond anything they ever imagined.
And the main reason for rising prices was high scores, which were directly related to high alcohols, high oak extracts, lower acidities, and other factors anathema to regional identity.
Conversations with several winery owners led me to believe that although high scores from some wine critics were beneficial to rising prices, they often displayed a sotto voce melancholy that the new, higher level of intensity related to much later harvesting of the fruit, which gave the wines more homogeneity and a sameness.
One who was outspoken about this was the late Joe Heitz, though his remarks were spoken “off the record.” Decades later, I suspect Joe wouldn’t mind me revealing this!
Many wines from many different sub-AVAs in Napa began to smell and taste pretty much like each other and regional distinctions were not only blurred but obliterated. This clearly was directly linked to the quest for high scores. Not to mention giant AVAs.
One of several problems with scoring wines by numerical ranking is that there are no parameters to justify how the points are arrived at. If reviewers completely ignore regionality, and scores continue to rise, then no one learns anything about how a region influences a wine’s style. Big gets high scores, high scores sell wine, and regional character is left in the actual dust.
In chatting with Winiarksi, I said that the trend toward weight made most sub-regional discussions moot. Over the next few years, I saw Napa Cabs in a new light. Concentration levels were up. Alcohols, which had regularly been 13.5% a decade earlier, had moved to 15% and more.
Acid levels were down. And most importantly pH levels were rising absurdly, signaling that the wines likely would age about as well as a May fly.
Napa’s sub-region Cabs were changing while wineries benefited financially from the drink-now culture that was happy to ignore the region’s history of aging its greatest reds. Cabernet was being called a cocktail wine, for sipping while walking around. A wine columnist even wrote a column that contained the line, “Drink ‘em Young.”
The style that put Napa on the map was in jeopardy and so was the meaning of sub-districts. I saw the blurring of regionally distinguishing styles as a repudiation of the entire concept of sub-appellation.
To use one old example: What is a Rutherford Cabernet Sauvignon?
André Tchelistcheff, probably California’s great winemaker, once described his Beaulieu Cabs’ aromas as having a hint of Rutherford Dust. It’s a descriptor that André used to describe a delicate herbal note (not unlike dried sage) that I often relate to the “cigar box” notes we’d find in southern Napa Cabs (from Oak Knoll, Yountville, Oakville) as well as in some Bordeaux.
Similarly, I once regularly found Cabs with hints of latakia tobacco. I haven’t smelled that in a Napa Cabernet in 30 years!
André’s “dust” wasn’t earth from the ground. It was from dried herbs. Imagine walking through a dry, wooded area with eucalyptus nearby, some weeds and dry undergrowth kicking up the scents of brush – thyme, rosemary, sage.
Because such scents are herb-related, wine newcomers often mistake it for a flaw. Most major U.S. wine reviewers use the odious term “weedy” to describe this, without being aware that it is an absolutely essential component of a fine Cabernet Sauvignon – if the wine is to smell and taste like a Cabernet Sauvignon!
For me, a Cabernet without any herbs is not Cabernet. Yet some wines that smell like vintage Port get scores of 99 or 100!
(Similarly, if a Merlot is to smell and taste like Merlot, it should have Merlot-like elements – black olives, green or black tea, dried cherries. Almost all grape varieties have hints of herbs of one sort or another, and not all such wines with these characters deserve being derisively called “weedy.”)
Today, as we begin to see the early releases of some 2018 Cabernets, most of which are far too young to drink, it’s a good idea for consumers to recall that the vintage was relatively cool, and as such some of the wines may display a bit more herbaceousness (tarragon?).
To me this means that the wines probably will be more Cabernet-like than were the 2017s. And some may be classic examples of older-style Napa Cabernet.
If a wine is from a sub-region, maybe we’ll get lucky: some wines may display sub-regional-ness.
Sidebar
Early Identifiers
I begin tasting Napa Valley Cabernets seriously about 1975. By 1980, I noticed that most of these wines displayed elements related to where they came from as well as reflecting elements related to their vintages.
Since the Napa Valley’s first appellation (Carneros) wasn’t created until 1983, I didn’t pay much attention to specific areas that eventually became AVAs. But as a member of the California Grapevine (San Diego) tasting panel, starting in 1979, I evaluated Cabernets almost every Thursday night for eight consecutive years.
After several hundred such tastings, it was obvious that some regions showed elements we began to look for and rely upon for typicity. No one ever wrote anything down regarding regional character, but it was widely assumed that some of what we were getting was regionality.
I recall those tastings. The following are my thoughts on a few of the regional elements of Cabernets from that era (pre-1987), with a few examples from the past:
Rutherford (Bench)/Oakville: Dried herbs like sage, cigar-box, black tea (Merlot-related?); occasional minty-eucalypt oil; mushroom. Remarkably complex. (This was one of André Tchelistcheff’s favorite areas.) (BV Private Reserve, Heitz Martha’s Vineyard, Staglin, Rubicon, Mondavi).
Rutherford-Oakville (Valley floor): Black fruit, cocoa, dried herbs; pipe tobacco. (Groth, Caymus, Van Loben Sels, Opus One, Cakebread, Sequoia Grove)
Rutherford/Oakville (Eastern edge, west-facing hillsides): Ripe black cherry; hints of molasses; concentration; slightly hard tannins. (Dalla Valle)
Yountville/Oak Knoll: Slight mint/tarragon; chamomile tea; red cherries; cigar box; green tea. (Lakespring, Trefethen)
Stag’s Leap: Dried red cherry; silkiness, supple tannins; early approachability. (Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars, Chimney Rock, Clos du Val, Silverado, Shafer, Pine Ridge)
Mount Veeder: Forceful fruit-sage aromas with black cherry and a Bordeaux-like, tannin-edged hardness; most wines demanded aging; most developed beautifully. (These are some of the longest-lived Cabs in Napa.) (Mount Veeder, Hess, Mayacamas)
Spring Mountain: Rich red and black cherry/blackberry fruit; tannic but not rigid; the best aged 10 to 30 years. (Spring Mountain, Robert Keenan)
Howell Mountain: Full-on tannins and complex dusty-oriented black fruit that usually benefited from aging 10 to 15 years. “Bordeaux with a California influence.” (Randy Dunn)
Diamond Mountain: Cassis, dried near-east herbs, tannins needing resolution of 5-10 years in bottle. (Diamond Creek.)
DB
Wines of the Week: 2018 Frog’s Leap Cabernet Sauvignon, Rutherford ($65): Black cherry, dried thyme, traces of black tea and olive, and a savory entry that calls for medium-weight meat dishes. The terroir character of Rutherford is indicated in faint rustic/tannic elements, showing how young this wine 00is. Needs 3-5 more years before it ever shows Cabernet to its fullest degree. 13.9% alcohol.
2016 Frog’s Leap Cabernet Sauvignon, Rutherford ($78) – Not many wineries have the sensibilities that John Williams and his co-winemaker, Paula Moschetti, have when it comes to retaining regional character. This wine is nearly sold out nationally; the winery has a few bottles left; they are marginally available to those who contact the winery. https://www.frogsleap.com/ The aroma is classic Rutherford with hints of that dust component, and the structure (with 13.5% alcohol) to illuminate subregional identity.
-0-
Dan Berger lives in Sonoma County, Calif., where he publishes “Vintage Experiences,” a subscription-only wine newsletter.
2018 CULT Cabernet Sauvignon, Napa
Tasting Notes
Specs
What’s Included
4-bottles:
Case:
Price Comparison
$404/Case at The Cult Wine for 12x 2018 CULT Cabernet Sauvignon, Napa
About The Winery
Available States
AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY
Estimated Delivery
Thursday, May 27 - Tuesday, Jun 1
CULT Napa Cabernet Sauvignon
4 bottles for $69.99 $17.50/bottle + $2/bottle shipping
Case of 12 for $169.99 $14.17/bottle + $1/bottle shipping
2018 CULT Napa Cabernet Sauvignon
Got the UPS notification last night and an email from Alice this morning that a bottle was on the way. Of course the initial estimate for delivery of mid afternoon turned into 8:10pm. So this went into the fridge for 20 minutes to get back down to something like room temperature.
Not much to go on from the label aside from 14.5% alcohol and it’s listed as varietal Cabernet. (I see the offer had more detail there.)
Finally open this up about 30 minutes before the offer goes live alongside roasted chicken thighs with zaatar and Caesar salad.
The wine looks young, of course, very red-purple nearly all the way to the rim of the glass. Aromatics are a bit muted, but I’m getting dark red and purple fruit, some suggestions of flowers, and even a little bramble (maybe from the PS?). There’s also a wet stone or flinty aroma that I’m getting and liking.
Flavours are decidedly fruity. molarchae took a couple sips and said “wow that’s fruity”. I’m mostly getting plums with a bit of blackberry jam for the fruit. There’s a hint of the oak, but it’s not obtrusive. Not getting a whole lot else that I can put a name to, but there’s a bit more waiting to come out it seems.
Finish is quite long, actually, and is full of mineral buzz. Hints of smoke come out, as do some desert herbs.
Acid balance is lower than I prefer, at least for a food wine, but it’s well in bounds for a properly made wine that will appeal to many. Tannins are fairly integrated, although they are gaining in firmness as the wine gets some air (about 45 minutes worth as I write this).
This is definitely not my style of wine, but it is well made and will be enjoyed by nearly everybody who you decide to share it with. This is my definition of a crowd pleaser - middle of the road without being too acidic or too flabby. Neither too fruity nor herbal. Not too tannic or too soft. I guess it’s a Goldilocks wine, then!
@klezman Thank you Klez for the review. Love the Goldilocks reference.
@klezman Always worried when a sophisticated palate like yours Labrats the same wine. Happy to see that your report confirmed we were sent the same wine…
@KitMarlot I dunno…I’ve also been told I have the palate of a yak!
@KitMarlot @klezman I had no idea yaks had such refined taste in wine.
@KitMarlot @klezman
No comment
How much more are you saving by buying a full case?
(Note: Tax & Shipping not included in savings calculations)
2018 CULT Napa Cabernet Sauvignon - $40 = 19.04%
Might be some unofficial rats out there. Perusing the 2017 Lodi cab offer from these guys offered here 11/23/20 some buyers received the 2018 Napa
https://casemates.com/forum/topics/cult-cabernet-sauvignon-3
@kaolis Seems like every offering goes up by $2/bottle (case price)…must be getting better every year!
Edit: Just noticed your comment below regarding the Napa designation…good point. I bought the last Lodi offering and it was fabulous!
A surprise breakfast delivery today (the Chocolate Bus usually arrives around quitting time), the 2018 Cult Cabernet Sauvignon Napa Valley rested on the desk while I worked. It got a 20-minute chill in the freezer before pop n’ pour after dinner (couldn’t bring myself to try a cab with shrimp boil; dinner was decided before the shipping email came through.)

The synthetic-looking cork had minimal staining. The wine pours a deep clear purple with a garnet edge. The nose is muted, showing a hint of plum and generalized herbs. Medium body the palate shows dried fruit with the slightest hint of oaky spice. Round mouthfeel with very little tannin. Drinks like a mature merlot; silky.
I was feeling pretty confident with my assessment, but then I asked my wife what she tasted. Before I get to that, let me say that my palate is fickle. Just like in baseball, where momentum is the next day’s starter, my palate is deeply affected by what I recently tasted. Notes of chocolate in my last sip of coffee? My wine shows hints of cocoa. Call it recency bias or the power of suggestion, I am easily influenced. My name is KitMarlot, and I have a consistency problem. My wife smelled raisins and butterscotch, almost like port. As it opened up, she noted hints of leather. She said the taste was “disappointing, like alcohol which hides the fruit”. She noted it was harsh, like tea that’s been steeped too long. I could taste that too. It is silky in the sense that the tannins are fine grained and not grippy, but there is an underlying harsh note that tastes a bit over-extracted.
After some time in the glass, it has a mellow warming note, like brown sugar or crème brulee with baking spice. I popped the cork on a bottle of 2017 J. Wilkes Paso Robles Cabernet Sauvignon (for science.) It is lighter in color, lighter in body. More aromatic, the nose is more inviting. It is a bit lighter and milder on the palate, tastes less extracted, more balanced. They are actually quite similar, but the slight edge goes to the J. Wilkes, which has more bramble fruit and dried cranberry and more aggressive tannic grip.
Given what I’m tasting so far, I wouldn’t expect this wine to evolve but I’ll leave the bottle on the counter overnight and check back if something noteworthy happens. Overall, the 2018 Cult Cabernet Sauvignon is an uncomplicated, easy to drink Cabernet Sauvignon. It is varietally correct and inoffensive, a decent value at this price. Thanks to Cult for the quality juice, Alice and the crew at WCC (with an assist from Brown) for getting the bottle halfway across the country in half a day and y’all for making this such a great community. Salut!
@KitMarlot Thanks for the interesting report. Much appreciated.
@knmeh7 there’s the CM sticker! You got robbed.
Obligatory references to past offerings:
2016 (10/2319), $13.33(6)/$11.25
2017 (4/6/2020), $12.50(6)/$10.42
2017 (8/7/20), $11.66(6)/$9.83
2017 (11/23/20), $15.00(4)/$12.08
@Mark_L In fairness for price comparison none of those were a Napa designated bottling as this one is.
@kaolis Thanks for the clarification.
The last cult offering and it was delicious.
Good timing. Here is Dan Berger’s next column which is on Napa Cabernets.
Wine Column Regional Character? 5-14-21
By Dan Berger
U.S. appellations, as they pertain to fine wines, can mean a lot or nothing. Which clearly means that some appellations are consumer-friendly and helpful, but others offer nothing except confusion.
One of the most important American Viticultural Areas (AVAs) is Napa Valley, of course, but the story then gets really complicated.
Some AVAs are meaningful for specific grape varieties. Others are just geo-identifiers. One could make a strong case that New York’s Finger Lakes district is one of the most eloquent appellations in the country because of its wide success in the production of dry and off-dry Rieslings.
Other meaningful grape-linked appellations that people accept as helpful are Santa Lucia Highlands in Monterey County (Pinot Noir), Petaluma Gap (Pinot Noir), Russian River Valley (Chardonnay and Pinot Noir), and Sonoma County’s Dry Creek Valley (Sauvignon Blanc and Zinfandel).
But many appellations offer consumers no assistance, regardless of grape variety.
Napa Valley is the most famous appellation in the country, maybe the world. It’s here that about half the vines (~20,000 acres) are Cabernet and the wines it makes have a worldwide reputation for excellence.
To further define Napa Valley, 38 years ago the area began to create official subregions that theoretically offered consumers quality assurance for Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.
In 1983 a large swath of contiguous acreage hard by San Pablo Bay, straddling Napa and Sonoma counties, got the valley’s first official AVA, called Carneros.
Not only did it pave the way for 16 AVAs within Napa, but it also did something I never realized until much later. Because Carneros was so large (today it’s over 1,100 planted acres) it helped usher in a trend that has made some AVAs a lot less meaningful than they might have been had then been smaller.
With AVAs, smaller is more meaningful. The larger an appellation is, the less likely it will be helpful to consumers.
For the last 35 years, I’ve witnessed many internecine battles by well-meaning but often self-absorbed wine people as new AVA boundaries were debated, not always in restrained tones. Invariably such disputes were settled with compromises that weren’t always in the best interests of the wines or dedicated consumers. In some cases, boundaries were expanded to accommodate someone wanting in who wanted a marketing advantage.
Of dozens of examples, one should suffice.
Fog-impacted Russian River Valley is large and sprawling. Sonoma County wineries often think of it in thirds layered south to north. The southerly strip, once largely dairy land, is coolest; Middle Reach is cool, but the climate varies and includes a few warmer pockets. The northernmost chunk is even warmer – and controversial.
Some people think the three areas should be three separate AVAs.
Although cool-climate Chardonnay and Pinot Noir both do well in the upper third of RRV, parts of the northern sector are warm enough to ripen Cabernet, hardly typical of the rest of RRV. And disputes over much of the area’s boundaries long have simmered without much accord.
Wine lovers prefer appellations in which there is at least one identifiable and even perhaps unique weather or soil feature. Russian River Valley’s primary one is fog. Pinots lean aromatically toward aromas of strawberry and raspberry. Nearby Sonoma Coast Pinots, not as distinctive, are slightly more cherrylike.
Cab-centric Napa is saddled with a curious situation. It is universally praised for the quality of its Cabernets, but no one has ever defined, in even a cursory way, what each of its 16 sub-appellations does best with it. In theory, the wines should display regional elements distinct from one another.
Without regionality, it would be as if all Napa Cabs were like all other Napa Cabs. But this wasn’t the case 30-odd years ago, when I tried to identify what distinguished them.
I had long noticed differences between what grew in the Stags’ Leap district, Rutherford, Howell Mountain, Mount Veeder, and others. I wondered, “Are there identifiable distinctions to each of those districts’ Cabs?”
I called the Napa Valley Vintners and told them of my intention to test this idea. I was shocked when I was told that the vintners’ group had no interest in assisting me. They didn’t want to know how one district differed from another.
Someone there told me that the “brand” it promoted was “Napa Valley,” and that sub-AVAs weren’t in competition with one another. I replied that my aim was not to find out which sub-AVAs were better, only to see which offered specific elements to assist buyers in better understanding one from another.
Sort of like Classified Growth Bordeaux.
Left to my own devices, I staged several blind tastings, one important one involving 10 widely skilled wine tasters.
I assembled 26 wines under strict rules (only 100% Cabs, no blends; all from one sub-AVA). Using a carefully designed “identifier template,” I staged a multi-hour analysis of the wines at Meadowood Napa Valley, and tabulated the results. Other tastings followed.
At the Meadowood event, the judges, all experts on Napa Valley sub-regions (including Tim Mondavi and Dr. Barney Rhodes), were told that quality was not a criterion in the test. The judges merely had to guess each wine’s sub-AVA based on their expectation of what each area did best historically, focusing on known regional elements then existing in the Valley’s Cabs.
Judges “wagered” between 1 and 5 points per wine as they guessed which region a wine from. A 5 was absolute confidence. A positive wager gave each wine that number of “regional identity points;” a negative guess removed the same number of points from the wine’s final total. Thus, a score of zero was some validation of regional identity to experts.
Crucially, no discussion was permitted during the evaluation.
Of nine sub-appellations represented in the blind tasting, only one area emerged with a positive score, Stag’s Leap District. That was an impressive validation that experts could agree that, at least in theory, sub-AVAs could have meaningful identifiers.
Almost as impressive, Rutherford came out with a score of zero – also validating that it delivered some identifiers that could help consumers. All the other wines had negative scores.
Shortly after writing an article about this test, I chatted with the late John Shafer of Shafer Vineyards about the panel’s findings. We agreed that Napa districts could benefit from a comparison of Napa sub-districts similar to those in Bordeaux.
Bordeaux lovers routinely contrasted the differences between the wines of St.-Estephe, Pauillac, Margaux, and other sub-areas.
Weeks later, I discussed this with Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars’ founder Warren Winiarski. I asked if he would work with me on a book on his district’s unique ability to produce wines of a silkiness and a gentle-tannin early enjoyability without0 sacrificing age-worthiness.
Winiarski agreed. So I began creating an outline for such a book and began looking for a publisher. After months of homework, in the mid-1990s it was clear that things were changing rapidly.
I began to notice that several Napa sub-AVAs, including Stags’ Leap, were losing the key elements we had seen in our blind tastings. I called Warren and expressed concern. He said he had some hesitation as well. I think he knew that most Napa Cabernets were becoming more “impressive,” to the delight of those making the wines, which were rising in price well beyond anything they ever imagined.
And the main reason for rising prices was high scores, which were directly related to high alcohols, high oak extracts, lower acidities, and other factors anathema to regional identity.
Conversations with several winery owners led me to believe that although high scores from some wine critics were beneficial to rising prices, they often displayed a sotto voce melancholy that the new, higher level of intensity related to much later harvesting of the fruit, which gave the wines more homogeneity and a sameness.
One who was outspoken about this was the late Joe Heitz, though his remarks were spoken “off the record.” Decades later, I suspect Joe wouldn’t mind me revealing this!
Many wines from many different sub-AVAs in Napa began to smell and taste pretty much like each other and regional distinctions were not only blurred but obliterated. This clearly was directly linked to the quest for high scores. Not to mention giant AVAs.
One of several problems with scoring wines by numerical ranking is that there are no parameters to justify how the points are arrived at. If reviewers completely ignore regionality, and scores continue to rise, then no one learns anything about how a region influences a wine’s style. Big gets high scores, high scores sell wine, and regional character is left in the actual dust.
In chatting with Winiarksi, I said that the trend toward weight made most sub-regional discussions moot. Over the next few years, I saw Napa Cabs in a new light. Concentration levels were up. Alcohols, which had regularly been 13.5% a decade earlier, had moved to 15% and more.
Acid levels were down. And most importantly pH levels were rising absurdly, signaling that the wines likely would age about as well as a May fly.
Napa’s sub-region Cabs were changing while wineries benefited financially from the drink-now culture that was happy to ignore the region’s history of aging its greatest reds. Cabernet was being called a cocktail wine, for sipping while walking around. A wine columnist even wrote a column that contained the line, “Drink ‘em Young.”
The style that put Napa on the map was in jeopardy and so was the meaning of sub-districts. I saw the blurring of regionally distinguishing styles as a repudiation of the entire concept of sub-appellation.
To use one old example: What is a Rutherford Cabernet Sauvignon?
André Tchelistcheff, probably California’s great winemaker, once described his Beaulieu Cabs’ aromas as having a hint of Rutherford Dust. It’s a descriptor that André used to describe a delicate herbal note (not unlike dried sage) that I often relate to the “cigar box” notes we’d find in southern Napa Cabs (from Oak Knoll, Yountville, Oakville) as well as in some Bordeaux.
Similarly, I once regularly found Cabs with hints of latakia tobacco. I haven’t smelled that in a Napa Cabernet in 30 years!
André’s “dust” wasn’t earth from the ground. It was from dried herbs. Imagine walking through a dry, wooded area with eucalyptus nearby, some weeds and dry undergrowth kicking up the scents of brush – thyme, rosemary, sage.
Because such scents are herb-related, wine newcomers often mistake it for a flaw. Most major U.S. wine reviewers use the odious term “weedy” to describe this, without being aware that it is an absolutely essential component of a fine Cabernet Sauvignon – if the wine is to smell and taste like a Cabernet Sauvignon!
For me, a Cabernet without any herbs is not Cabernet. Yet some wines that smell like vintage Port get scores of 99 or 100!
(Similarly, if a Merlot is to smell and taste like Merlot, it should have Merlot-like elements – black olives, green or black tea, dried cherries. Almost all grape varieties have hints of herbs of one sort or another, and not all such wines with these characters deserve being derisively called “weedy.”)
Today, as we begin to see the early releases of some 2018 Cabernets, most of which are far too young to drink, it’s a good idea for consumers to recall that the vintage was relatively cool, and as such some of the wines may display a bit more herbaceousness (tarragon?).
To me this means that the wines probably will be more Cabernet-like than were the 2017s. And some may be classic examples of older-style Napa Cabernet.
If a wine is from a sub-region, maybe we’ll get lucky: some wines may display sub-regional-ness.
Sidebar
Early Identifiers
I begin tasting Napa Valley Cabernets seriously about 1975. By 1980, I noticed that most of these wines displayed elements related to where they came from as well as reflecting elements related to their vintages.
Since the Napa Valley’s first appellation (Carneros) wasn’t created until 1983, I didn’t pay much attention to specific areas that eventually became AVAs. But as a member of the California Grapevine (San Diego) tasting panel, starting in 1979, I evaluated Cabernets almost every Thursday night for eight consecutive years.
After several hundred such tastings, it was obvious that some regions showed elements we began to look for and rely upon for typicity. No one ever wrote anything down regarding regional character, but it was widely assumed that some of what we were getting was regionality.
I recall those tastings. The following are my thoughts on a few of the regional elements of Cabernets from that era (pre-1987), with a few examples from the past:
Rutherford (Bench)/Oakville: Dried herbs like sage, cigar-box, black tea (Merlot-related?); occasional minty-eucalypt oil; mushroom. Remarkably complex. (This was one of André Tchelistcheff’s favorite areas.) (BV Private Reserve, Heitz Martha’s Vineyard, Staglin, Rubicon, Mondavi).
Rutherford-Oakville (Valley floor): Black fruit, cocoa, dried herbs; pipe tobacco. (Groth, Caymus, Van Loben Sels, Opus One, Cakebread, Sequoia Grove)
Rutherford/Oakville (Eastern edge, west-facing hillsides): Ripe black cherry; hints of molasses; concentration; slightly hard tannins. (Dalla Valle)
Yountville/Oak Knoll: Slight mint/tarragon; chamomile tea; red cherries; cigar box; green tea. (Lakespring, Trefethen)
Stag’s Leap: Dried red cherry; silkiness, supple tannins; early approachability. (Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars, Chimney Rock, Clos du Val, Silverado, Shafer, Pine Ridge)
Mount Veeder: Forceful fruit-sage aromas with black cherry and a Bordeaux-like, tannin-edged hardness; most wines demanded aging; most developed beautifully. (These are some of the longest-lived Cabs in Napa.) (Mount Veeder, Hess, Mayacamas)
Spring Mountain: Rich red and black cherry/blackberry fruit; tannic but not rigid; the best aged 10 to 30 years. (Spring Mountain, Robert Keenan)
Howell Mountain: Full-on tannins and complex dusty-oriented black fruit that usually benefited from aging 10 to 15 years. “Bordeaux with a California influence.” (Randy Dunn)
Diamond Mountain: Cassis, dried near-east herbs, tannins needing resolution of 5-10 years in bottle. (Diamond Creek.)
DB
Wines of the Week: 2018 Frog’s Leap Cabernet Sauvignon, Rutherford ($65): Black cherry, dried thyme, traces of black tea and olive, and a savory entry that calls for medium-weight meat dishes. The terroir character of Rutherford is indicated in faint rustic/tannic elements, showing how young this wine 00is. Needs 3-5 more years before it ever shows Cabernet to its fullest degree. 13.9% alcohol.
2016 Frog’s Leap Cabernet Sauvignon, Rutherford ($78) – Not many wineries have the sensibilities that John Williams and his co-winemaker, Paula Moschetti, have when it comes to retaining regional character. This wine is nearly sold out nationally; the winery has a few bottles left; they are marginally available to those who contact the winery. https://www.frogsleap.com/ The aroma is classic Rutherford with hints of that dust component, and the structure (with 13.5% alcohol) to illuminate subregional identity.
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Dan Berger lives in Sonoma County, Calif., where he publishes “Vintage Experiences,” a subscription-only wine newsletter.
@collegebob
Wtf a link would have been fine
@ScottW58 LOL it’s a lot! But maybe it’s behind a paywall?
@collegebob A great article. I know little of Napa wines and this was very interesting.
@ScottW58 I didn’t have a “link” as I received the article directly via email.
@collegebob @ScottW58 Thanks for posting - this was super interesting!
@collegebob @klezman @ScottW58 @infrom
Should we x-post to the pub, or some other place to make this easier to find in the future, instead of the daily thread?
@collegebob @rjquillin
Yes. Done.